\(a,\dfrac{2}{x}=-\dfrac{6}{y}=\dfrac{-1}{8}\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-2\cdot8}{1}=-16;y=\dfrac{8\cdot\left(-6\right)}{-1}=48\\ b,\dfrac{4}{-1}=\dfrac{x}{12}=y\\ \Leftrightarrow-4=\dfrac{x}{12}=y\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\cdot12\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-48\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,\dfrac{x+1}{2}=\dfrac{2-y}{-1}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=6\\2-y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)