\(a)27{{\rm{x}}^3} + 1 = {\left( {3{\rm{x}}} \right)^3} + 1 = \left( {3{\rm{x}} + 1} \right).\left[ {{{\left( {3{\rm{x}}} \right)}^2} - 3{\rm{x}}.1 + {1^2}} \right] = \left( {3{\rm{x}} + 1} \right)\left( {9{{\rm{x}}^2} - 3{\rm{x}} + 1} \right)\)
\(b)64 - 8{y^3} = {4^3} - {\left( {2y} \right)^3} = \left( {4 - 2y} \right)\left[ {{4^2} + 4.2y + {{\left( {2y} \right)}^2}} \right] = \left( {4 - 2y} \right)\left( {16 + 8y + 4{y^2}} \right)\)