Bài giải
\(a,\text{ }\frac{2x-5}{x-1}=\frac{2\left(x-1\right)-1}{x-1}=\frac{2\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x-1}=2-\frac{1}{x-1}\)
\(2x-5\text{ }⋮\text{ }x-1\text{ khi }1⋮\text{ }x-1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\text{ }x\inƯ\left(1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=-1\\x-1=1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{ }x\in\left\{0\text{ ; }2\right\}\)
\(b,\text{ }x+1\text{ là ước của }x^2+7\text{ }\Rightarrow\text{ }x^2+7\text{ }⋮\text{ }x+1\)
Ta có : \(\frac{x^2+7}{x+1}=\frac{x\left(x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)+8}{x+1}=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+8}{x+1}=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}+\frac{8}{x+1}\)
\(=x-1+\frac{8}{x+1}\)
\(\text{ }x^2+7\text{ }⋮\text{ }x+1\text{ khi }8\text{ }⋮\text{ }x+1\text{ }\Rightarrow\text{ }x+1\inƯ\left(8\right)\)
Ta có bảng :
| x + 1 | - 1 | 1 | - 2 | 2 | - 4 | 4 | - 8 | 8 |
| x | - 2 | 0 | - 3 | 1 | - 5 | 3 | - 9 | 7 |
\(\Rightarrow\text{ }x\in\left\{-2\text{ ; }0\text{ ; }-3\text{ ; }1\text{ ; }-5\text{ ; }3\text{ ; }-9\text{ ; }7\right\}\)