Ta có \(Q=\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{3a^2-3ab+3b^2}{3a^2+3ab+b^2}=\frac{a^2+ab+b^2+2a^2-4ab+2b^2}{3a^2+3ab+3b^2}\) \(=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2\left(a-b\right)^2}{3a^2+3ab+3b^2}\)
. Xét \(a^2+ab+b^2\) \(=\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\)
. Suy ra \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2\left(a-b\right)^2}{3a^2+3ab+3b^2}\ge\frac{1}{3}\) => \(MinQ=\frac{1}{3}\) khi \(a=b\)
. \(Q=\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{3a^2+3ab+3b^2-2a^2-4ab-2b^2}{a^2+ab+b^2}\) \(=3-\frac{2\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+ab+b^2}\le3\)
. Suy ra \(MaxQ=3\) khi \(a=-b\)
. Kết luận ^^