Part 1: Sentence transformation
1. “No, I didn’t steal your handbag!” the boy said to the old woman.
A. The boy denied stealing the old woman’s handbag.
B. The boy denied not stealing the old woman’s handbag.
C. The boy refused to steal the old woman’s handbag.
D. The boy admitted not to steal the old woman’s handbag.
2. “You mustn’t park your car here,” Paula said to her friend.
A. Paula warned her friend to park his car here.
B. Paula warned her friend not to park his car there.
C. Paula warned her friend against parking his car there.
D. Paula allowed her friend to park his car there.
3. We visited the museum. We decided to have lunch in the park.
A. Having visiting the museum, we decided to have lunch in the park.
B. Have visiting the museum, we decided to have lunch in the park.
C. Had visiting the museum, we decided to have lunch in the park.
D. Has visiting the museum, we decided to have lunch in the park.
4. He fed the dog. He sat down to his own dinner.
A. Having fed the dog, he sit down to his own dinner.
B. Having fed the dog, he sat down to his own dinner.
C. Had fed the dog, he sat down to his own dinner.
D. Having fed the dog, he sat down to him own dinner.
5. “If I were a King, you would be a Queen”, he said to his wife.
A. He told his wife if he were a King, she would be a Queen.
B. He asked his wife if he were a King, she would be a Queen.
C. He told his wife if he were a King, she will be a Queen.
D. He told his wife if he were a King, he would be a Queen.
6. “What would you do if you won the first prize in the lottery?”, he asked her.
A. He told her what she would do if she won the first prize in the lottery.
B. He asked her what she would do if she win the first prize in the lottery.
C. He asked her what she will do if she won the first prize in the lottery.
D. He asked her what she would do if she won the first prize in the lottery.
7. I started studying English 3 years ago.
A. I have studied English for 3 years.
B. I have studied English since 3 years.
C. I had studied English for 3 years.
D. I have studied English for 3 year.
8. The last time she went out with him was 2 years ago.
A. She hasn’t gone out with him since 2 years.
B. She hasn’t gone out with him for 2 years.
C. She has gone out with him for 2 years.
D. She hasn’t gone out with him for 2 year.
1. While John _______ last night, someone _______ his car.
A. was sleeping / stole B. is sleeping / has stolen
C. had slept / was stealing D. slept / had stolen
2. She _______ golf for three hours by the time she _______ the round.
A. is playing / will finish B. has been playing / finishes
C. will have been playing / finishes D. was playing / finished
3. Every day John _______ at the company at 8 o’clock, but this morning he because he _______ the bus.
A. arrives / was / missed B. has arrived / has been / was missing
C. is arriving / is / has missed D. was arriving / had been / has missed
4. I _______ this work before I leave.
A. must to finish B. must finish
C. should have finished D. needn’t to finish
5. The concert _______ wonderful last night because Fiore is always a great conductor.
A. should have been B. must have been C. maybe D. could be
6. Children _______ with cleaning liquids.
A. mustn’t play B. needn’t play
C. would be playing D. had not better play
7. I intend _______ to my boss about your complaint.
A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. spoken
8. Peter was delighted _______ a former colleague at the conference.
A. meet B. to meet C. meeting D. met
9. We finished the job _______ 12 hours a day.
A. to work B. by work C. by working D. worked
10. She is well-educated. _______, she has very good manners.
A. And B. Besides C. However D. But
11. They got off the train _______ they began to search for a hotel.
A. Then B. And C. But D. However
12. I was worried; _______, I was determined not to show it.
A. and so B. and yet C. but D. nevertheless
13. The International Club, as well as the Choral Society and the Rowing Club, _______ to submit a new constitution.
A. needs B. need C. are needing D. have needed
14. A large percentage of the older population _______ against Ms. Helen Young.
A. vote B. have voted C. are voting D. is voting
15. The woman with her dogs _______ by my house every morning.
A. walks B. walk C. is walking D. are working
16. There is _______ left on the table.
A. a few food B. a little food C. many foods D. foods
17. I have _______ friends in Chicago.
A. every B. no C. any D. the number of
18. I have got _______ extra money saved up in the bank.
A. a few B. many C. some D. any
19. Things have been ready, _______?
A. do they B. aren’t you C. has it D. haven’t they
20. _______ are your children? - They are fine.
A. How B. What C. Who D. How about
21. _______ arrived home safely?
A. Does Peter B. Peter did C. Has Peter D. Will Peter
22. _______ is the pink one, looking over the sea.
A. The Pikes’ house B. The Pike’s house C. The Pikes’s house D. The Pike house
23. _______ will be indoors as it is getting colder.
A. Party’s next week B. Next week of party
C. Next week party D. Next week’s party
24. A _______ is a place where drinks, small meals, tea, and cakes are served.
A. room’s tea B. room of tea C. tea’s room D. tea room
25. As soon as John arrived at the pub, the lights went out.
A. The lights went out before John arrived at the pub.
B. No sooner had John arrived at the pub than the lights went out.
C. John arrived at the pub where there were not lights.
D. The lights went out because John arrived at the pub.
26. Mr. Pike will get some workers to dig the garden.
A. Mr. Pike will have the garden dug.
B. The garden will be dug by Mr. Pike and some workers.
C. Mr. Pike and some workers will dig the garden.
D. Both Mr. Pike and some workers will dig the garden.
27. There is no doubt that he will win the gold medal.
A. He can never win the gold medal.
B. That he will win the gold medal is not known.
C. We are not sure that he will win the gold medal
D. We are sure that he will win the gold medal.
28. _______ ideas of the new policy are quite different from _______
A. His / mine B. He / my C. Him / I D. His / me
29. My wife has become crippled by arthritis. She is embarrassed to ask the doctor about _______.
A. it B. herself C. them D. him
30. They all seemed to be enjoying _______
A. their B. they C. theirs D. themselves
31. He went to _______ United States to learn _______ computer science.
A. Ø / Ø B. an / the C. the / Ø D. the / a
32. He has _______ good knowledge of computers.
A. a B. an C. the D. Ø
33. It was _______ excellent meal. It was better than _______ one which we had last night.
A. an / the B. a / an C. the / an D. an / an
34. He is opening his mouth _______
A. very wide B. to be very wide C. being very wide D. so very wide
35. Lightning flashed brightly _______
A. as in the sky B. when in the night sky
C. it is in the sky D. in the night sky
36. _______ is before a water shortage.
A. Being the best time to practice water conservation
B. When the best time to practice water conservation
C. The best time practice water conservation
D. The best time to practice water conservation
37. The children went _______
A. yesterday afternoon to a film B. to a film yesterday afternoon
C. to a film afternoon yesterday D. afternoon yesterday to a film
38. The infection was probably caused _______
A. in contaminated water by swimming
B. by swimming in contaminated water
C. in water contaminated by swimming
D. by swimming in water contaminated
39. I will buy _______ when I get the salary.
A. a new English dictionary B. an English new dictionary
C. a new dictionary English D. an English dictionary new
40. Southern Rail would like to apologize _______ the late running of this train.
A. upon B. with C. at D. for
41. You have to be responsible _______ your boss _______ the work.
A. from / at B. over / on C. in / through D. to / for
42. It is the lack _______ gravity _______ the moon that makes possible leaps of 30 feet or more.
A. from / at B. of / on C. in / through D. at / over
43. Supply of goods is failing to _______ demand.
A. make of B. look for C. put on D. keep up with
44. _______ the shoes to see if they fit.
A. Go on B. Get in C. Take off D. Try on
45. The police _______ because there was no evidence of his guilty.
A. took him over B. put him through C. let him off D. sent him in
46. Many children’s breath _______ by the pollution in the city.
A. is affecting B. is affect C. is being affected D. affected
47. Dr. Fleming, who _______ penicillin, _______ the Nobel Prize of Medicine in 1945.
A. was discovered / was awarded B. discovered / was awarded
C. discovering / awarded D. discovers / awarding
48. Have they sent Peter the document he needs yet?
A. Has Peter was sent the document he needs yet?
B. Does Peter have been sent the document he needs yet?
C. Has Peter been sent the document he needs yet?
D. Has been Peter sent the document he needs yet?
49. _______ the room when _______.
A. Scarcely we had entered / did the telephone ring
B. Scarcely had we entered / did the telephone ring
C. Scarcely we had entered / the telephone rang
D. Scarcely had we entered / the telephone rang
50. _______ us _______ us some money.
A. Not only Peter helped / but also lent
B. Not only Peter helped / but did he also lend
C. Not only did Peter help / but also lent
D. Not only did Peter help / but he also lent
51. _______ that _______ it three times.
A. So interesting is the film / have we seen B. So interesting is the film / we have seen
C. So interesting the film is / we have seen D. So interesting the film is / have we seen
52. Nancy wanted to know _______ to New York _______
A. why Nick did not go / last summer
B. why Nick had not gone / the summer before
C. why did not Nick go / last summer
D. why had Nick not gone / the summer before
53. John advised Mary _______ so hard.
A. did not work B. networking C. not to work D. had not worked
54. I asked myself _______ the old painting I had found was worth any money or not.
A. that B. if C. that if D. if that
55. The patient who suffers from lung cancer is being injected with a special _______
A. chemist B. chemistry C. chemical D. chemically
56. _______ is very important in using lasers.
A. Precise B. Precisely C. Precisive D. Precision
57. At last, we were able to draw a _______.
A. concluding B. conclude C. conclusive D. conclusion
58. Mr. Jones is valuable for _______.
A. he knows about history B. what does he know about history
C. what he knows about history D. what knowing about history
59. _______ is unimportant.
A. He won or lost B. Whether did he win or lose
C. Whether he won or lost D. What did he win or lose
60. _______ is a painting by Vincent Van Gogh.
A. What you see now B. What do you see
C. You see now D. Do you now
61. That is the young man _______ we owe many thanks.
A. to whom B. who C. that D. to that
62. It is the boss _______ is the most important.
A. whose decision B. that decides C. who decides D. which decision
63. Please tell me the time _______ I can come for the interview.
A. that B. when C. on that D. where
64. You shouldn’t drive _______ alcohol.
A. after you have drunk B. while you will drink
C. after drink D. as soon as you will drink
65. _______, the first thing we saw was a church.
A. No sooner we approach B. Soon before approaching
C. As we approached the village D. When we would approach the village
66. _______ had they finished their project than they prepared for another one.
A. No until B. As long as C. As soon as D. No sooner
67. Don’t go away from me. Stand _______
A. where I can see you B. where can I see you
C. where to see you D. in where I can see you
68. Miss World is even _______ in real life _______ in photos.
A. as beautiful / more B. more beautiful / as
C. the more beautiful / than D. more beautiful / than
69. It seems that we have _______ for ourselves and our family.
A. more time than B. less and less time C. as many time as D. time less than
70. They are both pretty but Susan is the _______ of the two.
A. most pretty B. prettiest C. prettier D. pretty
71. That washing machine is _______ but _______ in quality.
A. a bit more expensive / better than
B. a bit as expensive / many better
C. a little more than expensive / more good
D. a little bit more expensive / much better
72. If we _______ the map, _______ lost now.
A. took / would not have got B. had taken / we would not have got
C. take / will not get D. had taken / we would not get
73. You will have to pay higher insurance _______ a sports car.
A. if you buy B. if you will buy
C. unless you bought D. provided that you did not buy
74. If the traffic _______ bad, I may get home late.
A. is B. were C. was D. had been
75. If you take the 8 a.m. flight to New York you _______ change the plane.
A. could not have to B. will not have to C. had not had to D. would not to have to
76. _______ past deforestation and illegal hunting, many species of mammals and flora have disappeared.
A. Because of B. Because C. As D. Since
77. Those children have stayed in the hospital for a long time _______
A. due to they are seriously ill B. because of they are seriously ill
C. because their serious illnesses D. because of their serious illnesses
78. You need proper shoes to go hiking in the mountains _______ the ground is rough and hard.
A. because of B. due to C. since D. thanks to
79. _______ the same class with Paul for two years, I never knew him very well.
A. Even though sharing B. In spite I shared
C. Although I shared D. Despite of sharing
80. Hard-working _______ he is, he will never be top of his class.
A. although B. as C. despite D. in spite
81. _______ thousands of accidents happen every day, many people seem not to observe the traffic laws.
A. If B. As if C. If only D. Even if
82. The thieves are running as fast as possible _______ caught by the police.
A. in order that not be B. so that being
C. so as not to be D. in order be
83. Mary closed the door and the window _______ disturbed by the noise.
A. so that she was not B. in order that not to be
C. so as was not D. so as she was not
84. Keep your password secret _______ others cannot access your account.
A. so as that B. so as to C. in order to D. so that
85. She made _______ she failed the exam.
A. such many mistakes that B. so many mistakes that
C. many so mistakes that D. many such mistakes that
86. He had _______ he went hiking.
A. such many time that B. so much time that
C. so few time that D. such few time that
87. They worked _______ hard _______ they passed the exam at high grades.
A. so / that B. such / that C. so / as D. such / as
88. It was his mistake but he pretended _______ nothing wrong.
A. as if B. as there had been
C. as though there had been D. as though there has been
89. She was deeply sad after her husband’s death, but she behaved _______ she had been OK.
A. if B. as if C. even if D. if only
90. Operate the machine _______.
A. as if you have been instructed B. as if were instructed
C. as you have been instructed D. as though you have been instructed
SEQUENCE OF TENSES
1) before the police (catch) ... the thief, he (steal) ... two more watches
2) when we (play) ... football at 5.30 p.m yesterday, there (be) ... a terrible explosion
3) by the time the clock struck twelve, the coach (turn) ... into a pumpkin
4) after the company (hire) ... Joe, he began to work on his first project
5) our two senior parners (know) ... each other since they (be) ... at primary school
6) after Linda (receive) ... the new bag, she used it immediately
7) Mike has been promoted twice since he (join) ... the company
8) I (not/enjoy) ... myself for two weeks since I (hear) ... that my final exam grades were low
9) when the boys arrived at the cinema, the film (already,start) ...
10) i (have) ... lunch when James (arrive) ...
31. My passport ________ last year while I was on vacation.
A. was stolen B. was being stolen C. had been stolen D. stole
32. Most of the e-mail accounts at our company ________ by a virus last week.
A. have been affected B. were affected
C. affected D. was affected
33. The Minister proposed that the book ________.
A. should be baned B. should be to banned
C. should banned D. should be banned
34. It ________ that supplies of oil and natural gas may be exhausted in under 100 years.
A. is believed B. believes C. be believed D. is believing
35. Your phone ________ off before you enter the exam room.
A. must be to turned B. must turned C. must turn D. must be turned
36. Students ________ to major in the sciences at this university for the past several years.
A. are being encouraged B. have been encouraged
C. was being encouraged D. should be encouraged
37. Their cars ________ while they were in the mall shopping.
A. were being washed B. were washed
C. was being washed D. was washed
38. Many issues ________ at the meeting by the time you arrived.
A. had been raised B. have been raised C. raised D. are raised
39. Many important but rare animal species ________ in the Amazon.
A. is found B. are finding C. are found D. finds
40. Two people ________ to have been killed in the explosion.
A. are reported B. will be reported C. is reported D. was being reported
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
I haven't got enough money to buy a new car.
A. I need more money to buy a new car.
B. I don't want to spend more money on a new car.
C. A new car is not something I really need.
D. Money is not the most essential issue to buy a new car.
I. Choose the word or phrase (a, b, c or d) that best fits the blank space in each sentence.
1 Jack: “__________.” - John: “I’ll make my collection richer and richer”
a. What is your hobby, David?
b. How do you organize your collection, David?
c. What do you plan to do next, David?
d. How do you collect your books, David?
2 .Jack: “The movie _________last night was terrible.” - John: “Oh, really! What is it about?”
a. I went b. I went to it c. I went to d. that I went
Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets, either to infinitive or gerund, active or passive.
1. Tommy admitted(throw).......... the rock through the window.
2. Passing the restaurant, he stopped(drink)......... a coffee.
3. He is used to(study)....... at night.
4. We managed(climb)...... over the wall without(see)......
5. There is no point in(apply)......for this position because the salary is not high.
6. You mustn't mind(take)....... trouble over the cooking if you want your guests(enjoy)........ their meal.
7. The man wanted to avoid(see)........on security cameras.
8. The plants want (water)....... daily.
9. The president doesn't mind(attack)....... by the press.
Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting.
Before he had come (A) back home (B), Jack had visited (C) his uncle (D).
OPTIONAL LESSON 25
Relative clause replaced by participle and infinitive
Exercise 1. Choose the best answer.
1. The woman _______next door is a famous singer .
A. lives B. who live C. living D. that living
2. The house ______ in the storm has now been rebuilt .
A. destroyed B. destroying C. which destroyed D. that is destroyed
3. The man ______ at the blackboard is our teacher .
A. stood B. stands C. standing D. to stand
4. Tom was the last ______the classroom yesterday .
A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. leaves
5. Linda was the last student ______ at the oral exam .
A. to be asked B. asking C. asks D. to ask
6. The bridge _____ by French architects is very nice.
A. was designed B. designing C. to design D. designed
7. The man is my teacher . I am grateful to him .
A. The man whom I grateful to him is my teacher . C. The man is my teacher who I am grateful .
B. The man whom I am grateful to is my teacher D. The man to him I am grateful is my teacher .
8. Ngoc is friendly . We are talking about her .
A. Ngoc , we are talking about , is friendly . C. Ngoc , about her we are talking , is friendly .
B. Ngoc, whom we are talking about is friendly D. Ngoc , about whom we are talking, is friendly
9. A pilot is a person who flies an aircraft .
A. A person who called a pilot flies an aircraft . B. A person that flies an aircraft is called a pilot .
C. A pilot is someone who flies an aircraft . D. Both B and C are correct .
10. Sunday is the day _______which we usually go fishing .
A. during B. at C. in D. on
11. The music ______ we listened last night was boring .
A. to which B. which to C. to that D. that
12. The man ______ I introduced you to last night is thoughtful .
A. whom B. that C. Ø D. all are correct
13. She couldn’t answer any question , _______made me surprised.
A. that B. it C. this D. which
14. The books _______ written by Jack London is very interesting .
A. which were B. were C. whose D. which
15. I am going to visit the town _____ I was born and grew up .
A. where B. which C. when D. who
16. This is Mary , ____ is taking over my job when I leave .
A. that B. which C. who D. whom
17. An architect is someone _____ designs buildings .
A. who B. that C. which D. it
18. That is the house in ______I used to live .
A. that B. which C. where D. there
19. The man _______ is my teacher .
A. who she is speaking to B. whom she is speaking with
C. to whom she is speaking D. to whom she is speaking with
20. I apologized to the boy ______ book I borrowed .
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose