P(x) = x2019 - 1000x2018 + 1000x2017 - 1000x2016 + ... + 1000x - 1
Với x = 999 => 1000 = x + 1
=> P(999) = x2019 - ( x + 1 )x2018 + ( x + 1 )x2017 - ( x + 1 )x2016 + ... + ( x + 1 )x - 1
= x2019 - x2019 - x2018 + x2018 + x2017 - x2017 - x2016 + ... + x2 + x - 1
= x - 1 = 999 - 1 = 998
Vậy ...