Lời giải:
Do $a\geq 4, b\geq 5, c\geq 6$
$\Rightarrow c^2=90-a^2-b^2\leq 90-4^2-5^2=49$
$\Rightarrow c\leq 7$
$a^2=90-b^2-c^2\leq 90-5^2-6^2=29< 81$
$\Rightarrow a< 9$
$b^2=90-a^2-c^2=90-4^2-6^2=38< 64$
$\Rightarrow b< 8$
Vậy $4\leq a< 9, 5\leq b< 8, 6\leq c\leq 7$
Suy ra:
$(a-4)(a-9)\leq 0$
$(b-5)(b-8)\leq 0$
$(c-6)(c-7)\leq 0$
$\Rightarrow (a-4)(a-9)+(b-5)(b-8)+(c-6)(c-7)\leq 0$
$\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+118\leq 13(a+b+c)$
$\Rightarrow 90+208\leq 13P$
$\Rightarrow P\geq 16$
Vậy $P_{\min}=16$. Giá trị này đạt tại $(a,b,c)=(4,5,7)$