\(ab+2bc+3ac\)
\(=\left(ab+ac\right)+\left(2bc+2ac\right)\)
\(=a\left(b+c\right)+2c\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=-a^2-2c^2\le0\)
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Ta có : a + b + c = 0
\( \implies\) b + c = - a ; a + b = - c
Ta có : ab + 2bc + 3ca
= ab + 2bc + ca + 2ca
= ( ab + ca ) + ( 2bc + 2ca )
= a ( b + c ) + 2c ( a + b )
= a ( - a ) + 2c ( - c )
= - a2 - 2c2
= - ( a2 + 2c2 ) ( * )
Mà : a2 \(\geq\) 0 ; 2c2 \(\geq\) 0
\( \implies\) a2 + 2c2 \(\geq\) 0 ( ** )
Từ ( * ) ; ( ** )
\( \implies\) - ( a2 + 2c2 ) \(\leq\) 0
\( \implies\) ab + 2bc + 3ca \(\leq\) 0