Giải:
a) \(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2021}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2022}\)
\(2A-A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2022}\right)-\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2021}\right)\)
\(A=2^{2022}-1\)
Vì \(2^{2022}>2^{2021}\) nên \(A>2^{2021}\)
b) Từ câu (a), ta có:
\(A=2^{2022}-1\)
\(A=2^{2020}.2^2-1\)
\(A=\left(2^4\right)^{505}.4-1\)
\(A=16^{505}.4-1\)
\(A=\left(\overline{...6}\right)^{505}.4-1\)
\(A=\overline{...6}.4-1\)
\(A=\overline{...4}-1\)
\(A=\overline{...3}\)
Vậy chữ số tận cùng của A là 3
c) Ta có:
\(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2021}\)
\(A=1.\left(1+2\right)+2^2.\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{2020}.\left(1+2\right)\)
\(A=1.3+2^2.3+...+2^{2020}.3\)
\(A=3.\left(1+2^2+...+2^{2020}\right)⋮3\)
Vậy \(A⋮3\left(đpcm\right)\)
d) Ta có:
\(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2021}\)
\(A=1.\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^3.\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{2019}.\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(A=1.7+2^3.7+...+2^{2019}.7\)
\(A=7.\left(1+2^3+...+2^{2019}\right)⋮7\)
Vậy \(A⋮7\left(đpcm\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
