a. \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18.25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
\(\dfrac{1}{6}\) 0,5 \(\dfrac{1}{6}\) 0,25
Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{0.2}{2}>\dfrac{0.5}{6}\) => Al dư , HCl đủ
\(m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-\dfrac{1}{6}\right).27=0,9\left(g\right)\)
b. \(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c. \(m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.133,5=22,25\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,5}{6}\) => Al dư
Theo pthh:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,5=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,5=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=5,4-\dfrac{1}{6}.27=0,9\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.133,5=22,25\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
nHCl = 18,25 : 36,5 = 0,5 (mol)
nAl = 5,4 : 27 = 0,2 (mol)
pthh:2 Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2 0,5
0 0,3
=> HCl dư
theo pt : nAlCl3 = nAl 0,2 (mol)
=> mAlCl3 = 133,5 (G)