Gọi số mol Zn, AL là a, b (mol)
=> 65a + 27b = 3,79 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,792}{22,4}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
a---->a------------------->a
2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b---->1,5b-------------------->1,5b
=> a + 1,5b = 0,08 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,05; b = 0,02
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,05.65}{3,79}.100\%=85,752\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,02.27}{3,79}.100\%=14,248\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=a+1,5b=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,08.98=7,84\left(g\right)\)
Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
a -> a
2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b -> 1.5b
HPT: 65a+27b=3.79
a + 1.5b = 1.792/22.4= 0.08
Giải HPT ta được a=0.05 b=0.02
mZn = 0.05*65=3.25 (g)
mAl= 0.02*27=0.54 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow65x+27y=3,79\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,792}{22,4}=0,08\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
x x x
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
y 1,5y 1,5y
\(\Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,08\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot65}{3,79}\cdot100\%=85,75\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100\%-85,75\%=14,25\%\)
\(\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=x+1,5y=0,05+1,5\cdot0,02=0,08mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,08\cdot98=7,84g\)
Zn+H2SO4->ZnSO4+H2
x------------------------------x
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
y-------\(\dfrac{3}{2}y\)-----------------------------\(\dfrac{3}{2}y\)
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+27y=3,79\\x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,08\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,05, y=0,02
=>%mZn=\(\dfrac{0,05.65}{3,79}.100\)=85,75%
=>%m Al=14,25%
b)
m H2SO4=(0,05+0,03).98=7,84g