a)\(U_V=U_2=4,5V\Rightarrow U_1=U-U_2=12-4,5=7,5V\)
\(I_A=I_1=I_{2V}=1,5A\)
\(R_2=\dfrac{U_2}{I_2}=\dfrac{4,5}{1,5}=3\Omega;R_1=\dfrac{U_1}{I_1}=\dfrac{7,5}{1,5}=5\Omega\)
b)\(U_3=U_V=9V\Rightarrow U_1=U-U_V=12-9=3V\)
\(\Rightarrow I_3=I_1=I_A=\dfrac{3}{1,5}=2A\)
\(R_3=\dfrac{U_3}{I_3}=\dfrac{9}{2}=4,5\Omega\)