Bài 7:
Ta có: \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{16,2}{81}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=100.40\%=40\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{40}{98}=\dfrac{20}{49}\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{\dfrac{20}{49}}{1}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{ZnO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{20}{49}-0,2=\dfrac{51}{245}\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 16,2 + 100 = 116,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.161}{116,2}.100\%\approx27,71\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{51}{245}.98}{116,2}.100\%\approx17,56\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 8:
Gọi oxit cần tìm là AO.
Ta có: \(m_{HCl}=10.21,9\%=2,19\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{2,19}{36,5}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(AO+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{AO}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{AO}=\dfrac{2,4}{0,03}=80\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_A+16=80\Rightarrow M_A=64\left(g/mol\right)\)
→ A là Cu.
Vậy: Đó là oxit của đồng.
