\(a,Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ m_{tăng}=m_{hhMg,Al}-m_{H_2}\\ \Leftrightarrow7=7,8-m_{H_2}\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{H_2}=0,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:a=n_{Al}\left(mol\right);n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24b+27a=7,8\\b+1,5a=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\m_{Mg}=24.0,1=2,4\left(g\right);m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{7,8}.100\approx69,231\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}\approx30,769\%\\ c,m_{muối}=m_{MgSO_4}+m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=120b+342.0,5a=120.0,1+342.0,5.0,2=46,2\left(g\right)\)