\(a,2^4.38-2^4.37=2^4.\left(38-37\right)=2^4.1=16\\ b,4^2.444446-4^3.111111\\ =4^2.\left(444446-4.111111\right)\\ =4^2.2=16.2=32\\ c,\left(2^9.3+2^9.5\right):2^{12}\\ =2^9.\left(3+5\right):2^{12}=2^9.8:2^{12}=2^9.2^3:2^{12}=2^{9+3-12}=2^0=1\\ d,13^2-\left(5^2.4+2^4.15\right)=13^2-5.4.\left(5+4.3\right)\\ =169-20.17\\ =169-340=-171\)