Ta có: \(a^2-ab+b^2=a+b\)
<=> \(a^2-a\left(b+1\right)+b^2-b=0\)
<=> \(a^2-2a.\frac{b+1}{2}+\left(\frac{b+1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{b^2}{4}-\frac{b}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+b^2-b=0\)
<=> \(\left(a-\frac{b+1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(b-1\right)^2=1\)
Ta có: \(\left(a-\frac{b+1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(b-1\right)^2=\frac{\left(a-\frac{b+1}{2}\right)^2}{1}+\frac{\left(\frac{3}{2}b-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b-2\right)^2}{4}\)
=> \(1\ge\frac{\left(a+b-2\right)^2}{4}\)
<=> \(\left(a+b-2\right)^2\le4\)
<=> \(-2\le a+b-2\le2\)
<=> \(0\le a+b\le4\)
mà \(P=505a+505b=505\left(a+b\right)\)
=> \(0\le P\le2020\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\frac{a-\frac{b+1}{2}}{1}=\frac{\frac{3}{2}b-\frac{3}{2}}{3}\)<=> a = b
Nếu P = 0 khi đó: a + b = 0 <=> a = b = 0
Nếu P = 2020 <=> a + b = 4 <=> a = b = 2
Vậy: GTNN của P = 0 đạt tại a = b = 0
GTLN của P= 2020 đạt tại a = b = 2
\(a^2-ab+b^2=a+b\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2=a+b-ab\)
\(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\ge ab\Rightarrow2\left(a+b\right)\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\left(a+b\right)+a^2+b^2=2\left(a+b\right)+a+b+ab\le4\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0\le a+b\le4\Leftrightarrow0\le P\le2020\)\(D=xr\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=b=0\\a=b=2\end{cases}}\)