a) \(n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{NaOH}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,1}=1,5\\ \Rightarrow Xảyracácphảnứng:\\ NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow NaHCO_3\\ 2NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaHCO_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2CO_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,1\left(BTNT\left(C\right)\right)\\x+2y=0,15\left(BTNT\left(Na\right)\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow CM_{NaHCO_3}=CM_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5M\)
b) \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,15.36,5}{25\%}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
a. Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=1,5.\dfrac{100}{1000}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(T=\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,1}=1,5\left(1< 1,5< 1\right)\)
Vậy ta có PTHH:
\(CO_2+2NaOH--->Na_2CO_3+H_2O\left(1\right)\)
\(CO_2+NaOH--->NaHCO_3\left(2\right)\)
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của Na2CO3 và NaHCO3.
Theo PT(1): \(n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{NaOH}=2.n_{Na_2CO_3}=2x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{CO_2}=n_{NaOH}=n_{NaHCO_3}=y\left(mol\right)\)
Vậy, ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,1\\2x+y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{dd_{sau.PỨ}}=0,05+0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(V_{dd_{sau.PỨ}}=V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{100}{1000}=0,1\left(lít\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{sau.PỨ}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
b. \(PTHH:NaOH+HCl--->NaCl+H_2O\left(3\right)\)
Theo PT(3): \(n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,15.36,5=5,475\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{5,475}{m_{dd_{HCl}}}.100\%=25\%\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=21,9\left(g\right)\)