Bài 1:
\(2x^4+ax^2+bx+c⋮x-2\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^4+ax^2+bx+c=\left(x-2\right)\cdot a\left(x\right)\)
Thay \(x=2\Leftrightarrow32+4a+2b+c=0\Leftrightarrow4a+2b+c=-32\left(1\right)\)
\(2x^4+ax^2+bx+c:\left(x^2-1\right)R2x\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^4+ax^2+bx+c=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\cdot b\left(x\right)+2x\)
Thay \(x=1\Leftrightarrow2+a+b+c=2\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=0\left(2\right)\)
Thay \(x=-1\Leftrightarrow2+a-b+c=-2\Leftrightarrow a-b+c=-4\left(3\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+c=-32\\a+b+c=0\\a-b+c=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\dfrac{34}{3}\\b=2\\c=\dfrac{28}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
Do \(f\left(x\right):x^2+x-12\) được thương bậc 2 nên dư bậc 1
Gọi đa thức dư là \(ax+b\)
Vì \(f\left(x\right):x^2+x-12\) được thương là \(x^2+3\) và còn dư nên
\(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2+x-12\right)\left(x^2+3\right)+ax+b\\ \Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)=\left(x+4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3\right)+ax+b\)
Thay \(x=3\Leftrightarrow f\left(3\right)=3a+b\)
Mà \(f\left(x\right):\left(x-3\right)R2\Leftrightarrow f\left(3\right)=2\Leftrightarrow3a+b=2\left(1\right)\)
Thay \(x=-4\Leftrightarrow f\left(-4\right)=-4a+b\)
Mà \(f\left(x\right):\left(x+4\right)R9\Leftrightarrow f\left(-4\right)=9\Leftrightarrow-4a+b=-9\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=2\\-4a+b=9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\\b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2+x-12\right)\left(x^2+3\right)-x+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)=x^4+3x^2+x^3+3x-12x^2-36-x+5\\ \Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)=x^4+x^3-9x^2+2x-31\)