a.
\(y=2\left(1-cos2x\right)-\dfrac{5}{2}sin2x+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x+10\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(5sin2x+3cos2x\right)+\dfrac{25}{2}\)
\(=-\dfrac{\sqrt{34}}{2}\left(\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{34}}sin2x+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{34}}cos2x\right)+\dfrac{25}{2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{34}}=cosa\)
\(\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{\sqrt{34}}{2}\left(sin2x.cosa+cos2x.sina\right)+\dfrac{25}{2}\)
\(=-\dfrac{\sqrt{34}}{2}sin\left(2x+a\right)+\dfrac{25}{2}\)
Do \(-1\le sin\left(2x+a\right)\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{25-\sqrt{34}}{2}\le y\le\dfrac{25+\sqrt{34}}{2}\)
b.
\(y=\dfrac{sin^2x-2sin2x+1}{3+sin^2x+2cos^2x}=\dfrac{2sin^2x-4sin2x+2}{6+2\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)+2cos^2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{1-cos2x-4sin2x+2}{8+1+cos2x}=\dfrac{3-4sin2x-cos2x}{9+cos2x}\)
\(\Rightarrow9y+y.cos2x=3-4sin2x-cos2x\)
\(\Rightarrow4sin2x+\left(y+1\right)cos2x=3-9y\)
Theo điều kiện có nghiệm của pt lượng giác bậc nhất:
\(4^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\ge\left(3-9y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow80y^2-56y-8\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{7-\sqrt{89}}{20}\le y\le\dfrac{7+\sqrt{89}}{20}\)
c.
\(y=2sinx+3cosx+4\)
\(=\sqrt{13}\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}}sinx+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13}}cosx\right)+4\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}}=cosa\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\sqrt{13}\left(sinx.cosa+cosx.sina\right)+4\)
\(=\sqrt{13}sin\left(x+a\right)+4\)
Do \(-1\le sin\left(x+a\right)\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{13}+4\le y\le\sqrt{13}+4\)