\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{24,5}{122,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2KClO_3-t^o->2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\)
a. Khối lượng chất rắn thu được là KCl.
Theo PT (1) ta có: \(n_{KClO_3}=n_{KCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{KCl}=0,2.74,5=14,9\left(g\right)\)
b. Theo PT (1) ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,2.3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c. PTHH: \(4P+5O_2-t^o->2P_2O_5\left(2\right)\)
\(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo câu b: \(n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lập tỉ lệ:
\(\dfrac{0,2}{4}=0,05< \dfrac{0,3}{5}=0,06\)
=> \(O_2\) dư. P hết => tính theo \(n_P\)
- Khối lượng các chất sau phản ứng gồm: \(O_2dư;P_2O_5\)
Theo PT (2): \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.5}{4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,25=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,05.32=1,6\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT (2) ta có: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
2KClO3 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) 2KCl + 3O2 (1)
\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{24,5}{122,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Theo PT1: \(n_{KCl}=n_{KClO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KCl}=0,2\times74,5=14,9\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PT1: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{3}{2}\times0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,3\times22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
4P + 5O2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) 2P2O5 (2)
Theo PT2: \(n_P=\dfrac{4}{5}n_{O_2}\)
Theo bài: \(n_P=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{2}{3}< \dfrac{4}{5}\) ⇒ O2 dư
Theo PT2: \(n_{O_2}pư=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=\dfrac{5}{4}\times0,2=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}dư=0,3-0,25=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}dư=0,05\times32=1,6\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT2: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_P=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,1\times142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{sp}=m_{O_2}dư+m_{P_2O_5}=1,6+14,2=15,8\left(g\right)\)