\(\text{a) }\dfrac{2-x}{2002}-1=\dfrac{1-x}{2003}-\dfrac{x}{2004}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2-x-2002}{2002}=\left(\dfrac{1-x}{2003}-1\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{x}{2004}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2004-x}{2002}-\dfrac{2003-x}{2003}-\dfrac{2004-x}{2004}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2004-x\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2002}-\dfrac{1}{2003}-\dfrac{1}{2004}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2004-x=0\left(\dfrac{1}{2002}-\dfrac{1}{2003}-\dfrac{1}{2004}\ne0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2004\)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm \(x=2004\)
\(\text{b) }\dfrac{x^2-10x-29}{1971}+\dfrac{x^2-10x-27}{1973}=\dfrac{x^2-10x-1971}{29}+\dfrac{x^2-10x-1973}{27}\left(\text{ Chữa đề }\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x^2-10x-29}{1971}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x^2-10x-27}{1973}-1\right)=\left(\dfrac{x^2-10x-1971}{29}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x^2-10x-1973}{27}-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-10x-2000}{1971}+\dfrac{x^2-10x-2000}{1973}-\dfrac{x^2-10x-2000}{29}-\dfrac{x^2-10x-2000}{27}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-10x-2000\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{1971}+\dfrac{1}{1973}-\dfrac{1}{29}-\dfrac{1}{27}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-10x-2000=0\left(\text{Vì }\dfrac{1}{1971}+\dfrac{1}{1973}-\dfrac{1}{29}-\dfrac{1}{27}\ne0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-20x+10x-2000=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-20\right)+10\left(x-20\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+10\right)\left(x-20\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+10=0\\x-20=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-10\\x=20\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-10;20\right\}\)