\(x^2+4y^2+\frac{1}{4}-4xy-x+2y+y^2-\frac{25}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{25}{4}-y^2\le\frac{25}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{-5}{2}\le x-2y-\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow-2\le x-2y\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow-1\le x-2y+1\le4\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(y=0\) và \(x=...\)
2/ \(x^3+2x+1=y^3\)
- Với \(x=0\Rightarrow y=1\)
\(VT=x^3+3x^2+3x+1-3x^2-x=\left(x+1\right)^3-x\left(3x+1\right)\) (1)
Do \(x\left(3x-1\right)\ge0\) \(\forall x\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\left(x+1\right)^3\Rightarrow y^3\le\left(x+1\right)^3\Rightarrow y\le x+1\)
Lại có:
\(VT=x^3-3x^2+3x-1+3x^2-x+2=\left(x-1\right)^3+3x^2-x+2\)
Do \(3x^2-x+2>0\) \(\forall x\Rightarrow VT>\left(x-1\right)^3\Rightarrow y^3>\left(x-1\right)^3\Rightarrow y>x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1< y\le x+1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=x\\y=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(y=x\) thay vào pt ta được: \(2x+1=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\left(ktm\right)\)
- Với \(y=x+1\) từ \(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow x\left(3x+1\right)=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;1\right)\) là cặp nghiệm nguyên duy nhất