Bài 13:
PTHH: CaCO3 --to--> CaO + CO2 (1)
MgCO3 --to--> MgO + CO2 (2)
CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O (3)
MgCO3 + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O (4)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{CO_2\left(1,2\right)}=n_{CO_2\left(3,4\right)}\Rightarrow V_{CO_2\left(3,4\right)}=V_{CO_2\left(1,2\right)}=33,6\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2\left(3,4\right)}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}-1,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{CO_2\left(3,4\right)}=3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{dd.HCl.cần.dùng}=\dfrac{3}{1}=3\left(l\right)\)
Bài 14:
Chất rắn không tan là Cu
mCu = 12,8 (g)
Gọi số mol Mg, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 56b = 23,6 - 12,8 = 10,8 (1)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{91,25.20\%}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a--->2a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b---->2b
=> 2a + 2b = 0,5 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,15 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=12,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)