Unit 7 : My neighbourhood

Read the text then decide these sentences are true or false

CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING

Climate change

Climate change, also called global warming, refers to the rise in average surface temperatures on Earth. An overwhelming scientific consensus maintains that climate change is due primarily to the human use of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air. The gases trap heat within the atmosphere, which can have a range of effects on ecosystems, including rising sea levels, severe weather events, and droughts that render landscapes more susceptible to wildfires.

The green house effect

While other planets in Earth's solar system are either scorching hot or bitterly old, Earth's surface has relatively mild, stable temperatures. Earth enjoys these temperatures because of its atmosphere, which is the thin layer of gases that cloak and protect the planet. However, 97 percent of climate scientists agree that humans have changed Earth's atmosphere in dramatic ways over the past two centuries, resulting in global warming The exchange of incoming and outgoing radiation that warms the Earth is often referred to as the greenhouse effect because a greenhouse works in much the same way. Incoming UV radiation easily passes through the glass walls of a greenhouse and is absorbed by the plants and hard surfaces inside. Weaker IR radiation, however, has difficulty passing through the glass walls and is trapped inside, thus warming the greenhouse. This effect lets tropical plants thrive inside a greenhouse, even during a cold winter.

Consequences of global warming

There are two major effects of global warming: the increase of temperature on the earth by about 30 to 50C (5.40 to 90Fahrenheit) by the year 2100 are Rise of sea levels by at least 25 meters (82 feet) by the year 2100. Other consequences are listed below:

• Sea levels are rising due to thermal expansion of the ocean, in addition to melting of land ice.

• Amounts and patterns of precipitation are changing.

• The total annual power of hurricanes has already increased markedly since 1975 because their average intensity and average duration have increased.

• Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns increase the frequency, duration, and intensity of other extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts heat waves, and tornadoes.

• Higher or lower agricultural yields, further glacial retreat, reduced summer stream flows, species extinctions.

• Diseases like malaria are returning into areas where they have been extinguished earlier

Circle the correct answers

l. Climate change is the rise in average surface temperatures on Earth.

a. true b. false

2.Climate change observed in the last decades is natural.

a. true b. false

3. Fossil fuels are burnt which releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air.

a. true b. false

4. Greenhouse effects have no impacts on our health.

EX 7. Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to answer the following questions

Just a few years ago, this place was called Dumptown. The people living here didn’t think much about where waste went when they threw it out. Things that could be reused or recycled were thrown in the trash because nobody believed recycling made a difference. And, eventually, that became a very big problem. The garbage heap grew and began to smell. Sometimes it caught fire, and making it hard for
everyone to breathe. Dumptowners knew they had to fix it. They learned to reduce the amount of waste which they threw away. For example, they learned to reuse things like washing out empty jars instead of throwing them away. And, they learned to recycle. They set up bins around town to collect glass, paper, and other things, then made into new products.

1. The people living in Dumptown_______.

A. thought much about where the waste went

B. threw things that could be reused or recycled into the sea

C. didn’t believe that recycling could make a difference

D. wanted to recycle the trash

2. Which of the following could replace the word ‘trash’ in line 3?

A. garbage            B. rubbish            C. compost           D. A & B

3. What were the Dumptown’s problems?

A. The garbage heap smelled.             B. Sometimes the garbage heap caught fire.

C. It was hard for everyone to breathe.                   D. all are correct

4. What does the word ‘them’ in line 11 refer to?

A. the trash                                                           B. the garbage heap

C. Dumptowners                                                  D. empty jars’

5. What did they do to solve their problems?

A. They learnt to reduce, reuse and recycle            B. They moved away.

C. They fixed it.                                                    D. All are correct

2. If we use water ______, more people will have fresh water.          (CARE)

3. We should protect the environment and save ______resources.        NATURE

4. A number of cleaning products contain ______ chemicals.              (HARM)

5. ______ habitats have been destroyed in recent years.                        (NATURE)

6. In many developing countries, water pollution is usually a leading cause of ______.                                                                                                        (DIE)

7. The ______of lakes, rivers, oceans or underwater causes water pollution. (CONTAMINATE)

8. She worked ______ so that she could pass the final exams.                  (HARDLY)

Viết lại câu với “if” sao cho nghĩa của câu không thay đổi.
1. I can’t finish this task you don’t give me a hand.
-> _____________________________________________________________________________
2. You will run out of money if you don’t stop wasting it.
-> _____________________________________________________________________________
3. Don’t call me unless it is an emergency.

-> _____________________________________________________________________________
4. James will not pass the test unless he studies harder.
-> _____________________________________________________________________________
5. If Jane finishes her work before 6 pm, she will dine out with her friends.
-> _____________________________________________________________________________
6. My brother won’t go travelling this summer if he doesn’t find a companion.
-> _____________________________________________________________________________
7. It is not easy to do these exercises unless you listen attentively to the teacher.
-> _____________________________________________________________________________
8. If Jim doesn’t submit his essay before Tuesday, he will be punished by the teacher.
-> _____________________________________________________________________________