\(\dfrac{x^2+2x+2}{x+1}+\dfrac{x^2+8x+20}{x+4}=\dfrac{x^2+4x+6}{x+2}+\dfrac{x^2+6x+12}{x+3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{x^2+2x+1+1}{x+1}+\dfrac{x^2+8x+16+4}{x+4}=\dfrac{x^2+4x+4+2}{x+2}+\dfrac{x^2+6x+9+3}{x+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2+1}{x+1}+\dfrac{\left(x+4\right)^2+4}{x+4}=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2+2}{x+2}+\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2+3}{x+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x+1+\dfrac{1}{x+1}+x+4+\dfrac{4}{x+4}=x+2+\dfrac{2}{x+2}+x+3+\dfrac{3}{x+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}\) + \(\dfrac{4}{x+4}\) - \(\dfrac{2}{x+2}\) - \(\dfrac{3}{x+3}\) = x + 2 + x + 3 - x - 1 - x - 4
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}\) + \(\dfrac{4}{x+4}\) - \(\dfrac{2}{x+2}\) - \(\dfrac{3}{x+3}\) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}\) + \(\dfrac{4}{x+4}\) = \(\dfrac{2}{x+2}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{x+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{x+4}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)}\) + \(\dfrac{4\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)}\) = \(\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)}\) + \(\dfrac{3\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{x+4+4x+4}{x^2+5x+4}\) = \(\dfrac{2x+6+3x+6}{x^2+5x+6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{5x+8}{x^2+5x+4}\) = \(\dfrac{5x+12}{x^2+5x+6}\)
Đặt 5x + 8 = y; x2 + 5x + 4 = t, ta có:
\(\dfrac{y}{t}\) = \(\dfrac{y+4}{t+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{y\left(t+2\right)}{t\left(t+2\right)}\) = \(\dfrac{t\left(y+4\right)}{t\left(t+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) yt + 2y = yt + 4t
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2y = 4t
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2(5x + 8) = 4(x2 + 5x + 4)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 10x + 16 = 4x2 + 20x + 16
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 16 - 16 = 4x2 + 20x - 10x
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 0 = 4x2 + 10x
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x(2x + 5) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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