\(\left(x+y\right)xy=x^2+y^2-xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy\)
Đặt \(x+y=t\Rightarrow xy=\frac{t^2}{t+3}\)
Lại có \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\Rightarrow t^2\ge\frac{4t^2}{t+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2\left(\frac{t-1}{t+3}\right)\ge0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t\ge1\\t< -3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\frac{x^3+y^3}{\left(xy\right)^3}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)}{\left(xy\right)^3}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)xy}{\left(xy\right)^3}=\left(\frac{x+y}{xy}\right)^2\)
\(A=\left(\frac{t\left(t+3\right)}{t^2}\right)^2=\left(\frac{t+3}{t}\right)^2=\left(1+\frac{3}{t}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow y'=-\frac{6\left(t+3\right)}{t^3}< 0\) \(\forall t\ge1;t< -3\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-\infty}\left(1+\frac{3}{t}\right)^2=1\Rightarrow A_{max}=A\left(1\right)=16\)
\(\Rightarrow M=16\) khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)