Question

Cho dãy số có u₁ = 1, u_n + 1= u_n + (\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))ⁿ . Tìm lim u_n

Answer 1

Ý bạn là dãy số này: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=1\\u_{n+1}=u_n+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=1\\u_{n+1}+2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{n+1}=u_n+2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(v_n=u_n+2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=u_1+2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=2\\v_{n+1}=v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow v_{n+1}=v_n=v_{n-1}=...=v_1=1\)

\(\Rightarrow v_n=v_1=1\Rightarrow u_n+2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n=1\)

\(\Rightarrow u_n=1-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\)

\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=lim\left[1-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\right]=1-0=1\)