* Nếu trong TN2, kim loại không tan hết
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> nHCl = 0,04 (mol)
- Xét TN1:
- Nếu kim loại tan hết
\(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{3,1}{127}=\dfrac{31}{1270}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
\(\dfrac{31}{1270}\)<-\(\dfrac{31}{635}\)<----\(\dfrac{31}{1270}\)
Vô lí do \(\dfrac{31}{635}>0,04\)
=> Fe dư
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,02<-0,04---->0,02
=> \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,02.127=2,54\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=3,1-2,54=0,56\left(g\right)\)
=> \(a=0,56+0,02.56=1,68\left(g\right)\)
- Xét TN2:
Theo ĐLBTKL: a + b + 0,04.36,5 = 3,34 + 0,02.2
=> a + b = = 1,92 (g)
=> b = 0,24 (g)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,24}{24}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,01-------------->0,01-->0,01
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,01<-------------0,01<--0,01
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,01.95=0,95\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,01.127=1,27\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
* Nếu trong TH2, kim loại tan hết
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
x----------------->x------>x
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
y----------------->y---->y
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}95x+127y=3,34\\x+y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-0,025\\y=0,045\end{matrix}\right.\) (vô lí)