PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{33,6}{56}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{784\cdot10\%}{98}=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,6}{1}< \dfrac{0,8}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) H2SO4 còn dư, Fe phản ứng hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6mol\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeSO_4}=0,6\cdot152=91,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,6\cdot2=1,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=816,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{91,2}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx11,17\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{19,6}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx2,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{33,6}{56}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{784.10\%}{98}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(Fe+H_2SO_4-->FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo pthh : \(n_{H2}=n_{FeSO4}=n_{H2SO4\left(pứ\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=0,8-0,6=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL :
mFe + m(dd H2SO4) = m(ddspu) + mH2
=> 33,6 + 784 = m(ddspu) + 0,6.2
=> m(ddspu) = 816,4(g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%FeSO_{\text{4}}=\dfrac{0,6.152}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx11,17\%\\C\%H_2SO_{4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx2,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
nFe=33,6 : 56 =0,6 (mol)
mH2SO4=784.10%=78,4(g)
nH2SO4=78,4:98=0,8(mol)
PTHH:
Fe + H2SO4 —> FeSO4 + H2O
Từ PTHH ta suy ra : Fe hết , H2SO4 dư
=>nFeSO4=nH2SO4 p/ứ=nFe=0,6(mol)
=>nH2SO4 dư=0,8-0,6=0,2(mol)
mdd sau p/ứ=784+33,6=817,6(g)
%mH2SO4 dư=\(\dfrac{0,2.98}{817,6}.100\%\approx2,4\%\)
%mFeSO4=\(\dfrac{0,6.152}{817,6}.100\%\approx11,2\%\)
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