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VT

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42

For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming back to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called “latchkey children”. They are children who look after themselves while their parents work. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.

 Lynette Long was once the principal of an elementary school. She said, “we had a school rule against wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys attached. I was constantly telling them to put the keys inside shirts. There were so many keys; it never came to my mind what they meant.” Slowly, she learned that they were house keys.

 She and her husband began talking to the children who had keys. They learned of the effect working couples and single parents were having on their children. Fear was the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. One in three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being frightened. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety

 The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding. They may hide in a shower stall, under a bed or in a closet. The second is TV. They often turn the volume up. It’s hard to get statistics on latchkey children, the Longs have learned. Most parents are slow to admit that they leave their children alone.

The phrase “an empty house” in the passage mostly means_______ .

A. a house with too much space

B. a house with no furniture

C. a house with no people inside

D. a house with nothing inside

VT

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to the following questions.

A small but growing group of scholar, evolutionary, psychologists, are being to sketch the contours of the human mind as designed by natural selection. Some of them even anticipate the coming of a field called "mismatch theory", which would study maladies resulting from contrasts between the modern environment and the "ancestral environment". The one we were designed for.

There is no shortage of such maladies to study, Rates of depression have been doubling in some industrial countries roughly every 10 years. Suicide is the third most common cause of death among young adults, after car wrecks and homicides.

Evolutionary psychology is a long way from explaining all this with precision, but it is already shedding enough light to challenges some conventional wisdom. It suggests, for example, that the nostalgia for the nuclear family of the 1950s is in some way misguided - that the model family of husband at work and wife

at home is hardly a "natural" and healthful living arrangement, especially for the wives. Moreover, the bygone lifestyles that do look fairly natural in light of evolutionary psychology appear to have been eroded largely by commercialism. Perhaps the biggest surprise from evolutionary psychology it its depiction of the "animal" in us. Freud, and various thinkers since, saw "civilization" as an oppressive force that thwarts basic animal instincts and urges and transmutes them into psychopathology. However, evolutionary psychology suggests that a larger threat to metal health may be the way civilization thwarts civility. There is a gentler, kinder side of human nature, and it seems increasingly to be a victim of repression in modern society.

It can be inferred from the passage that evolutionary psychologists dislike nostalgia for the 1950s because

A. family life was seen to be unnatural.

B. It was an unhealthy time to live

C. the nuclear family provided an unsatisfactory lifestyle

D. women who wished to go out to work were misguided