TEST YOURSELF 1

Read the statements and decide whether each one is TRUE or FALSE.Turning Ideas into Reality

A                     The Internet has a huge influence on the lives of those who use it. It empowers people by enabling the global exchange of knowledge and information. However, many rural communities around the world still live in areas with little to no Internet access. As a result, they are largely cut off. An entrepreneur named Ken Banks found a solution to this problem by using his expertise in mobile technology.

A SIMPLE SOLUTION TO A BIG PROBLEM

B                     While working in South Africa in 2003 and 2004, Banks saw that there were many organizations that were trying to help local communities. Since many villages didn't have Internet access, communication was a big challenge. Banks noticed, however, that many villagers had cell phones.

C                     Banks had an idea. He created some computer software called FrontlineSMS, which allows users to send information from computers without using the Internet. Users install the software on a computer. Then they connect the computer to a cell phone. To send information, users select the people they want to send it to. The cell phone sends the information to groups of people as a text message. Individuals can then reply on their own cell phones, creating a two-way messaging system between phone users and the computer.

D                     FrontlineSMS is free and can work almost anywhere in the world. In Malawi, a rural healthcare program uses it to contact patients. As a result, health workers no longer have to visit patients' homes to update medical records or pass along important information. The software has also been used to monitor elections in Nigeria and to help disaster relief efforts in Haiti. Today, it is used in more than 70 nations.

CREATING A SUCCESSFUL PRODUCT

E                     FrontlineSMS is a good example of taking an idea and making it a reality. So what should you do if you have an idea for making the world a better place? Banks offers the following advice:

F                     Don't immediately try to get money - most donors want to see that you have a good idea first. "Donors don't tend to respond so well to people who just reach for money without actually showing they can do something," Banks explains. So start by researching your idea or product thoroughly. Do people really need it? To find out if you have a good idea, go into the community and talk to people.

G                     Once you have a workable idea, promote it. Use all the social media tools that you can: Start a Facebook group, use Twitter, or create a website. Start a blog and write about what you're doing. Connect online with other people who are working in the same field as you. The more you post, the easier it will be for search engines to find you.

H                     If you have a good idea, and you've gotten your message out, people will notice you. Now is the time to try to get funding. Your social networks are a good place to start raising money. Waiting until you have gotten this far shows potential donors that you have initiative, Banks says. It also shows that you are committed.

I                     We're currently living in the best time to create a product that can reach millions of people. More and more entrepreneurs are developing and promoting products that have the potential to solve the world's greatest challenges. All you need is an idea. As Banks puts it, "Innovation … is about someone standing in a rural village somewhere and suddenly realizing, 'If I did this … that could happen.'"

16. The Internet has a huge global impact, but not everyone has access to it.

17. People in villages where Banks worked had cell phones, but no Internet connection.

18. FrontlineSMS sends information to cell phones, but it cannot receive information back.

19. Paragraph D says that FrontlineSMS only works in Africa.

20. Ken Banks believes you should promote an idea on social media before asking for money.

21. Search engines are more likely to recognize ideas that appear online frequently.

22. Ken Banks thinks that entrepreneurs need expert research, development, and funding before starting to create a new product.

11. When you save energy, you not only save money, you also reduce the demand for __________ such as coal, oil, and natural gas and that is a great way to play a part in saving the planet.

A. carbon footprint B. electricity C. fossil fuels D. biogas

12. In India, the demand for __________ has always been more than the supply.

A. shortage B. sources C. slogan D. electricity

13. __________ energy is produced by collecting sunlight and converting it into electricity.

A. Hydro B. Nuclear C. Solar D. Wind

14. There are many available __________ power sources in Vietnam including sun, wind, water, etc.

A. nuclear B. hydro C. renewable D. solar

15. Laos and Cambodia have big plans for building up to 11__________ on the lower Mekong.

A. dams B. slogans C. energy D. coals

16. __________ can be an excellent source of free, renewable energy for poor farmers.

A. Turbine B. Biogas C. Solar panel D. Bulb

17. The government has warned that Britain will face power __________ in the coming winters.

A. coal B. shortages C. slogans D. energy

18. Wind power is one of the earliest __________ sources of energy used by humankind. A. alternative B. polluted C. harmful D. exhausted

19. Nobody can predict exactly when supplies of fossil fuels will be __________ However, we all know they quickly reduce in quantity.

A. installed B. polluted C. harmful D. exhausted

20. Biogas can be used to __________ natural gas in cooking, heating, or electrical generation.

A. use up B. replace C. pollute D. install

21. At this time next week we__________ to work to support the air pollution cutting down campaign.

A. are cycling B. will be cycling C. will cycle D. will be cycled

22. Someone’s carbon__________ is a measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide that their activities produce.

A. footprint B. energy C. effect D. amount

23. Remember to__________ the lights before going to bed.

A. turn on B. stop C. turn D. turn off

24. We will cut down in the use of natural gas because it is __________ and harmful to the environment.

A. available B. abundant C. plenty D. limited

25. Hydro power is__________ because dams cannot be built in certain areas.

A. abundant B. enough C. limited D. unlimited

26. __________ source of energy is the source that can’t be replaced after use.

A. Effective B. Non-renewable C. Renewable D. Natural

27. Which of the following is NOT renewable source of energy?

A. wind B. coal C. hydro D. solar

28. We are looking for cheap, clean and__________ sources of energy.

A. serious B. dangerous C. effective D. efficient

29. By the middle of the 21st century, people in developing countries__________ more renewable energy.

A. used B. have used C. uses D. will be using

30. If we go on__________ electricity, we will have to pay a lot next month.

A. turning on B. widened C. wasting D. increasing

Activity 1: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the following words

advice (n)           especially (adv)         exciting (adj)      get better (v phr) 

possible (adj)        prefer (v)          situation (n)        suggest (v)      well (adv)

be good at (v phr)

1. I don't want a boring job. I want to be a firefighter. That is…………..work.

2. My work………..is difficult. I work many hours a day and on weekends, too.

3. I want to be a nurse. My teacher…………that I talk to a nurse about her job.

4. Martha……………teaching. Her students are happy and learn a lot.

5.It's difficult to go to school and have a job, but it is…………to do both if you work hard.

6. I like everything about my job,...............the people I work with.

7. I……………studying at night. It's quiet then.

8. Eduardo does…………….in his art classes. His drawings are really good.

9. When I have a big problem, I ask my parents for…………….

10. I take good pictures, but I want to……………..I want to be great.

WORD FORM

This new computer software has many............... (improve).

The medication greatly reduced the patient's Answer (suffer)

I have a lot of..............(admire) for Olympic athletes.

Water ..............(flow) down my street after it rains heavily.

Damon quickly ..................(improve) in his swimming classes when he was younger.

An outside auditor will visit the factory next week to determine whether or not .............(accept) air-quality standard are being observed.

Speaking more than one language is Answer (benefit) in today's economy.

The teacher will grade our ............ (perform) on the test.

If the person you are trying to reach does not answer the telephone, please dial “0” to speak to the..............(operate).

Tallis Engineering is awaiting..............(verify) that its new water tank designs meet legal specifications.

Products made by Izmir Vitamins are designed to promote Answer(health) and well-being.

Grove Canoes’ prices may..............(occasion) vary depending on changes in the cost of raw materials

A 20 percent increase in revenue makes this the most .............(profit) year yet for the Sorvine Hotel Group.

The well-known legal firm of Peterson, Wong, and Lundgren, Inc., is.............  (common) referred to as PWL.

At Hemdom beds, our goal is to design.............. (innovate)furniture while maintaining comfort and function.

My college counselor ..............(advice) me to take geometry last semester.