Lesson 1

a. Read the article. How many countries did the scientists come from?

(Đọc bài báo sau. Các nhà khoa học đến từ bao nhiêu quốc gia?)

                                                Science Special's Top 100 inventions

What do you think is the greatest invention ever? We're continuing our countdown of the 100 greatest inventions of all time. This week we reveal inventions 25 to 22.

25 Before the microscope was invented, people could not see very small things. The microscope, which was invented around 1590, was first made by a Dutch scientist called Zacharias Janssen. Objects looked three to nine times bigger under this microscope.

24 Daniel Fahrenheit, who was a Dutch scientist, invented the mercury thermometer in 1714. He also developed the Fahrenheit scale to use on his thermometer. That temperature scale, which is still used in some countries today, is named after him.

23 The light bulb, which was invented in 1879, was first made by Thomas Edison and his team. They tried more than 3,000 designs before introducing their electric light to the world. Edison, who also created many other inventions, is remembered as America's greatest inventor.

22 Robert Goddard, who was an American physicist, invented the liquid-fueled rocket in 1926, marked the beginning of the space age. Its first flight, which happened on March 16th, 1926,

Which of these inventions do you think is the most important?

Email us at sciencesm@science.edu and let us know. Make sure you continue to read the Science Special's Top 100 inventions next week when we countdown inventions 21 to 16.

b. Combine the sentences using non-defining relative clauses.

(Kết hợp các câu sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.)

1. George Beauchamp was an American inventor. He invented the electric guitar in 1932.

(George Beauchamp là một nhà phát minh người Mỹ. Ông đã phát minh ra guitar điện vào năm 1932.)

→ George Beauchamp, who was an American inventor, invented the electric guitar in 1932.

(George Beauchamp, một nhà phát minh người Mỹ, đã phát minh ra đàn guitar điện vào năm 1932.)

2. Philo T. Farnsworth was the first television's inventor. He invented it in 1927.

(Philo T. Farnsworth là người phát minh ra tivi đầu tiên. Ông đã phát minh ra nó vào năm 1927.)

3. Tom Kilburn developed the first software in 1948. He worked for the University of Manchester.

(Tom Kilburn đã phát triển phần mềm đầu tiên vào năm 1948. Ông làm việc cho Đại học Manchester.)

4. Edward Jenner created the first vaccine in 1796. He was a country doctor in England.

(Edward Jenner đã tạo ra vắc-xin đầu tiên vào năm 1796. Ông là một bác sĩ nông thôn ở Anh.)