a) \(x^2\)\(+3x+7\)
=\(x^2\)\(+2.x.\frac{3}{2}\)\(+\frac{9}{4}\)\(+\frac{19}{4}\)
=\(\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\)\(+\frac{19}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\)\(\ge0\)
Nên \(\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\)\(+\frac{19}{4}\)\(\ge\frac{19}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(x+\frac{3}{2}\)\(=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN của \(x^2\)\(+3x+7\) là \(\frac{19}{4}\) khi \(x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
b) \(-9x^2+12x-15\)
=\(-\left(9x^2-12x+15\right)\)
=\(-\left(\left(3x\right)^2-2.3x.2+4+11\right)\)
=\(-\left(\left(3x-2\right)^2+11\right)\)
=\(-\left(3x-2\right)^2-11\)
Vì \(\left(3x-2\right)^2\)\(\ge0\)
Nên \(-\left(3x-2\right)^2-11\le-11\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(3x-2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{2}{3}\)
Vậy GTLN của \(-9x^2+12x-15\) là \(-11\) khì \(x=\frac{2}{3}\)
c) \(11-10x-x^2\)
=\(-\left(x^2+10x-11\right)\)
=\(-\left(x^2+2.x.5+25-36\right)\)
=\(-\left(\left(x+5\right)^2-36\right)\)
=\(-\left(x+5\right)^2+36\)
Vì \(\left(x+5\right)^2\ge0\)
Nên \(-\left(x+5\right)^2+36\le36\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(x+5=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-5\)
Vậy GTLN \(11-10x-x^2\) là \(36\) khi \(x=-5\)
d)\(x^4+x^2+2\)
=\(\left(x^2\right)^2+2.x^2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{7}{4}\)
=\(\left(x^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
Nên \(\left(x^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{4}\ge\frac{7}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(x^2+\frac{1}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Vậy GTNN của \(x^4+x^2+2\) là \(\frac{7}{4}\) khi \(x=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)