2Al + 3H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\)Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (1)
Zn + H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\)ZnSO4 + H2 (2)
a;nH2=\(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt nAl=a
nZn=b
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+65b=11,9\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>a=0,2;b=0,1
mAl=27.0,2=5,4(g)
%mAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{11,9}.100\%=45,4\%\)
%mZn=100-45,4=54,6%
b;Theo PTHH 1 và 2 ta có:
nH2=nH2SO4=0,4(mol)
VH2SO4=\(\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(lít\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4-->ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
x.........x...............................x............x
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4-->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
y.........1,5y.......................0,5y.................1,5y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+27y=11,9\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%Zn=\dfrac{0,1.65}{11,9}.100\%\approx54,62\%\)
\(\%Al=100\%-54,62\%=45,38\%\)
b) nH2=nH2SO4=0,4(mol)
\(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(l\right)\)
Ta có nH2 = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\) = 0,4 ( mol )
2Al + 3H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\) Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
x..........1,5x...............x/2............1,5x
Zn + H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\) ZnSO4 + H2
y..........y.................y...........y
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+65y=11,9\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mAl = 27 . 0,2 = 5,4 ( gam )
=> %mAl = \(\dfrac{5,4}{11,9}\times100\approx45,38\%\)
=> %mZn = 100 - 45,38 = 54,62 %
Ta có nH2SO4 = 1,5x + y = 1,5 . 0,2 + 0,1 = 0,4 ( mol )
VH2SO4 = n : CM = 0,4 : 0,5 = 0,8 ( lít )