Ôn tập cuối năm phần số học

JY

Chứng tỏ rằng: \(\dfrac{1}{2}< \dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{9801}+\dfrac{1}{10000}< \dfrac{37}{50}\)

HM
3 tháng 6 2018 lúc 8:42

Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)= \(\dfrac{1}{2.2}\)> \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{9}\)= \(\dfrac{1}{3.3}\)> \(\dfrac{1}{3.4}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{16}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{4.4}\)> \(\dfrac{1}{4.5}\)

.......

\(\dfrac{1}{9801}\)= \(\dfrac{1}{99.99}\)> \(\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{10000}\)= \(\dfrac{1}{100.100}\)> \(\dfrac{1}{100.101}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{9}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{16}\)+ ..... + \(\dfrac{1}{9801}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{10000}\)> \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3.4}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{4.5}\)+...+ \(\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{100.101}\)

= \(\dfrac{3-2}{2.3}\)+ \(\dfrac{4-3}{3.4}\)+ \(\dfrac{5-4}{4.5}\) +...+ \(\dfrac{100-99}{99.100}\)+ \(\dfrac{101-100}{100.101}\)

= \(\dfrac{3}{2.3}\)- \(\dfrac{2}{2.3}\) + \(\dfrac{4}{3.4}\)-\(\dfrac{3}{3.4}\)+ \(\dfrac{5}{4.5}\)-\(\dfrac{4}{4.5}\)+...+ \(\dfrac{100}{99.100}\)- \(\dfrac{99}{99.100}\)+ \(\dfrac{101}{100.101}\)-\(\dfrac{100}{100.101}\)

= \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)+....+ \(\dfrac{1}{99}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{100}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{100}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{101}\)

= \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)- \(\dfrac{1}{101}\) ; Mà \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)- \(\dfrac{1}{101}\)= \(\dfrac{99}{202}\)< \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)< \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{9}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{16}\)+...+ \(\dfrac{1}{9801}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{10000}\) (1)

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