PT: \(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.20}{100}=40\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{40}{98}=\dfrac{20}{49}\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{\dfrac{20}{49}}{3}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=3n_{Al_2O_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{53}{490}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{53}{490}.98=10,6\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = mAl2O3 + m dd H2SO4 = 210,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{10,6}{210,2}.100\%\approx5,04\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{210,2}.100\%\approx16,3\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!