4B. Grammar

1. Read part 1 of the text. What is a shooting star?

(Đọc phần 1 của bài khóa. Sao băng là gì?)

Part 1:

On a clear night, you can often see meteors – space rocks- as they fall towards the Earth. Each rock is smaller than an apple, but they look as bright as stars in the night sky, so people call them 'shooting stars'. Larger meteors are much rarer, but their effects are far more spectacular.

In 2013, a meteor exploded in the sky above the city of Chelyabinsk in Russia. The explosion was more powerful than the 1945 Hiroshima atomic bomb, but its effect was not as devastating as the bomb because the meteor exploded much further from the ground. Scientists compared the Chelyabinsk meteor to an earlier - and far bigger - explosion: the Tunguska Event.

2. Complete the table with comparative adjectives from part 1 of the text.

(Hoàn thành bảng với dạng so sánh hơn của tính từ từ phần 1 của bài khóa.)

3. Read the Learn this! box. Then find examples of each rule (a-d) in part 1 of the text.

(Đọc hộp Learn this! box. Sau đó tìm các ví dụ cho mỗi quy tắc (a-d) trong phần 1 của bài khóa.)

LEARN THIS! Comparative forms (Thể so sánh hơn)

a. We use than to make comparisons. (Ta dùng than để tạo thể so sánh hơn.)

Greece is hotter than the UK. (Hy Lạp thì nóng hơn Anh.)

b. We use not as ... as to make negative comparisons. (Ta dùng not as … as để tạo sự so sánh phủ định.)

It isn't as warm as yesterday. (Trời hôm nay không ấm bằng hôm qua.)

c. We use as ... as to say two things are equal. (Ta dùng as … as để nói về hai thứ bằng nhau.)

Yesterday, London was as hot as Athens (Hôm qua, ở Luân Đôn nóng như A-ten.)

d. We use far or much to make a comparison stronger. (Ta dùng far hoặc much để làm sự so sánh mạnh hơn.)

Libya is far/ much hotter than Canada. (Libya thì nóng hơn nhiều so với Canada.)

5. Read the Look out! box. Complete part 2 of the text with the comparative form of the words in brackets.

(Đọc hộp Chú ý! Hoàn thành phần 2 của bài khóa với thể so sánh hơn của cac từ trong ngoặc.)

LOOK OUT! little - less

Some quantifiers also have comparative forms. (Có vài định lượng từ có thể so sánh hơn.)

few-fewer much/many-more

Part 2

The Tunguska Event of 1908 was (1) _____ (far) from a city so (2) _____ (few) people saw it, but it was much (3) _____ (powerful) than the one in Chelyabinsk. It destroyed more than 80 million trees in the Siberian forest, so it's lucky it was not (4) _____ (close) to a town or city. The night sky became (5) _____ (bright) than normal for a few days, and people a hundred kilometres away could read a newspaper outdoors even at midnight.

Most scientists believe it was a meteor explosion, but there are some (6) _____ (unusual) theories too. Perhaps it was a UFO!

6. Work in pair. Ask and answer questions beginning Which .. ? Use the comparative form of the adjectives.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Hỏi và trả lời các câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng Which…? Sử dụng dạng so sánh hơn của tính từ.)

1. dangerous/ a blizzard/ a thunderstorm/?

Which is more dangerous, a blizzard or a thunderstorm?

2. beautiful/ snowflake/ rainbow/?

3. holiday venue/ good /the mountains /the beach/?

4. city/ have/ many seasons/ Ha Noi/ Ho Chi Minh City/?

5. for you personally/ temperature/ bad/ -5°C/ 35°C/?

6. Ha Noi/ month/ hot/ June/ August?