a)
\(\begin{array}{l}x + \frac{1}{2} = - \frac{1}{3}\\x = - \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{2}\\x = - \frac{2}{6} - \frac{3}{6}\\x = \frac{{ - 5}}{6}\end{array}\)
Vậy \(x = \frac{{ - 5}}{6}\).
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left( { - \frac{2}{7}} \right) + x = - \frac{1}{4}\\x = - \frac{1}{4} - \left( { - \frac{2}{7}} \right)\\x = - \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2}{7}\\x = - \frac{7}{{28}} + \frac{8}{{28}}\\x = \frac{1}{{28}}\end{array}\)
Vậy \(x = \frac{1}{{28}}\).