Bài 1: Tính tổng 100 số hạng đầu tiên của các dãy sau:
a)\(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{6};\dfrac{1}{12};\dfrac{1}{20};\dfrac{1}{30};...\)
b)\(\dfrac{1}{6};\dfrac{1}{66};\dfrac{1}{176};\dfrac{1}{336};...\)
Bài 2: Tính:
a)A=\(\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{99}}{\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{97.3}+\dfrac{1}{99.1}}\)
b)B=\(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}{\dfrac{99}{1}+\dfrac{98}{2}+\dfrac{97}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}}\)
Bài 1: Tính tổng 100 số hạng đầu tiên của các dãy sau:
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{1.2}\\\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{1}{2.3}\\\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{1}{3.4}\\...\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy số thứ 100 của dãy là: \(\dfrac{1}{100.101}=\dfrac{1}{10100}\)
Tổng: \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100.101}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}-\dfrac{1}{101}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{101}\)
\(=\dfrac{100}{101}\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{1}{\left(5.0+1\right)\left(5.1+1\right)}\\\dfrac{1}{66}=\dfrac{1}{\left(5.1+1\right)\left(5.2+1\right)}\\\dfrac{1}{176}=\dfrac{1}{\left(5.2+1\right)\left(5.3+1\right)}\\...\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy số thứ 100 của dãy là: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(5.99+1\right)\left(5.100+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{248496}\)
Tổng: \(\dfrac{1}{1.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.11}+\dfrac{1}{11.16}+...+\dfrac{1}{496.501}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(\dfrac{5}{1.6}+\dfrac{5}{6.11}+\dfrac{5}{11.16}+...+\dfrac{5}{496.501}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{11}-\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{496}-\dfrac{1}{501}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{501}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}.\dfrac{500}{501}\)
\(=\dfrac{100}{501}\)
Bài 2: Tính:
a) \(A=\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{99}}{\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{97.3}+\dfrac{1}{99.1}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(1+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{97}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{1}{51}\right)}{2\left(\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.51}\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{100}{1.99}+\dfrac{100}{3.97}+\dfrac{100}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{100}{49.51}}{2\left(\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.51}\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{100\left(\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.51}\right)}{2\left(\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.51}\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{100}{2}=50\)
Bài 2 :
a, Xét tử số : Đặt B = \(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{99}\)
Số số hạng của tử số là : ( 99 - 1 ) : 2 + 1 = 50 ( số )
=> Tử số có 50 phân số
Ta có : \(B=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{97}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{95}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{99}{99}+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)+\left(\dfrac{97}{3.97}+\dfrac{3}{3.97}\right)+\left(\dfrac{95}{5.95}+\dfrac{5}{5.95}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{51}{49.51}+\dfrac{49}{49.51}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{100}{1.99}+\dfrac{100}{3.97}+\dfrac{100}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{100}{49.51}\)
Xét mẫu số : Đặt C = \(\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{97.3}+\dfrac{1}{99.1}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.1}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{97.3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{49.51}+\dfrac{1}{51.49}\right)\)
\(=2.\dfrac{1}{1.99}+2.\dfrac{1}{3.97}+...+2.\dfrac{1}{49.51}\)
\(=2\left(\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.51}\right)\)
Thay B và C vào A ta có :
\(A=\dfrac{100\left(\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.51}\right)}{2\left(\dfrac{1}{1.99}+\dfrac{1}{3.97}+\dfrac{1}{5.95}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.51}\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{100}{2}=50\)
Vậy A = 50
b, Xét mẫu số : Đặt C = \(\dfrac{99}{1}+\dfrac{98}{2}+\dfrac{97}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}\)
\(=\dfrac{100-1}{1}+\dfrac{100-2}{2}+\dfrac{100-3}{3}+...+\dfrac{100-99}{99}\)
\(=100-1+\dfrac{100}{2}-1+\dfrac{100}{3}-1+...+\dfrac{100}{99}-1\)
\(=\left(100+\dfrac{100}{2}+\dfrac{100}{3}+...+\dfrac{100}{99}\right)-\left(1+1+...+1\right)\)
Đặt D = 1 + 1 + ... + 1
Số số hạng của tổng D là : ( 99 - 1 ) : 1 + 1 = 99 ( số hạng )
\(\Rightarrow D=1.99=99\)
Thay D = 99 ta có :
\(C=100\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)-99\)
\(=100+100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)-99\)
\(=\left(100-99\right)+100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(=1+100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{100}{100}+100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)=100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
Thay vào đề bài , ta có :
\(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}{100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{100}\)
Vậy \(B=\dfrac{1}{100}\)
Bài 2: Tính:
b) \(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}{\dfrac{99}{1}+\dfrac{98}{2}+\dfrac{97}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}}\)
\(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}{\left(1+\dfrac{98}{2}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{97}{3}\right)+...+\left(1+\dfrac{1}{99}\right)+1}\)
\(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}{\dfrac{100}{2}+\dfrac{100}{3}+...+\dfrac{100}{99}+\dfrac{100}{100}}\)
\(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}{100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{100}\)
