Bài 1:
Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{18}-\dfrac{1}{54}-\dfrac{1}{108}-\dfrac{1}{270}-\dfrac{1}{378}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(\dfrac{1}{18}+\dfrac{1}{54}+\dfrac{1}{108}+\dfrac{1}{270}+\dfrac{1}{378}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(\dfrac{1}{3.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.9}+\dfrac{1}{9.12}+...+\dfrac{1}{18.21}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{9}+...+\dfrac{1}{18}-\dfrac{1}{21}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{21}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{6}{21}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{21}=\dfrac{5}{21}\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{5}{21}\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(51x+26y=2000\)
Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}26y⋮2\\2000⋮2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow51x⋮2\)
\(\left(51;2\right)=1\Rightarrow x⋮2\)
Mặt khác \(x\) là số nguyên tố nên \(x=2\)
Khi đó:
\(51.2+26y=2000\Leftrightarrow y=73\) (thỏa mãn)
Vậy các số nguyên tố \(\left(x,y\right)=\left(2;73\right)\)